#FactCheck:AI-Generated Footage Misleadingly Shared as Rawalakot Protest Video
Executive Summary
A video is being widely shared on social media, showing a man firing a pistol. The video is being shared with the claim that it is from the recent protests in Rawalakot, Pakistan-administered Kashmir. It is further claimed that the person seen in the video is associated with the Indian Action Committee, who is firing at security forces and later portraying themselves as victims after facing retaliation. The CyberPeace Research Wing analysed the viral video and found several visual inconsistencies. Further analysis using AI detection tools revealed that the viral video was generated using artificial intelligence (AI).
Claim:
A video shared on social media claims to show protesters associated with the Indian Action Committee directly firing at security forces. The post further claims that these individuals later present themselves as victims after facing a response from authorities.
https://www.facebook.com/groups/1052887838090429/permalink/27742200445399139/?rdid=EMCXtwaN9n4OwqFc#
Fact Check:
During the research, the viral video was analysed and multiple visual inconsistencies were observed. At the beginning of the clip, two men riding a motorcycle can be seen behind the person firing the gun. However, instead of moving away from the firing spot, they appear to move towards the direction where the shooting is taking place. Additionally, the hand and head movements of one of the passengers on the motorcycle appear unnatural and distorted, which are common signs of AI-generated content.
In the next step of the research, the viral video was scanned using Hive Moderation. The results indicated that the video had a 63 per cent probability of being AI-generated.
The video was also analysed using Sightengine, which flagged it as 99 per cent AI-generated.
Conclusion:
The research found that the viral video does not show a real incident from the recent protests in Rawalakot, Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The video contains multiple visual inconsistencies, and analysis through AI detection tools also confirmed that it was generated using artificial intelligence. Therefore, the claim that the video shows an Indian Action Committee member firing at security forces during the protests is false.
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Introduction
The role of ‘Small and Medium Enterprises’ (SMEs) in the economic and social development of the country is well established. The SME sector is often driven by individual creativity and innovation. With its contribution at 8% of the country’s GDP, and 45% of the manufactured output and 40% of its exports, SMEs provide employment to about 60 million persons through over 26 million enterprises producing over six thousand products.
It would be an understatement to say that the SMEs sector in India is highly heterogeneous in terms of the size of the enterprises, variety of products and services produced and the levels of technology employed. With the SME sector booming across the country, these enterprises are contributing significantly to local, state, regional and national growth and feeding into India’s objectives of inclusive, sustainable development.
As the digital economy expands, SMEs cannot be left behind and must integrate online to be able to grow and prosper. This development is not without its risks and cybersecurity concerns and digital threats like misinformation are fast becoming a pressing pain point for the SME sector. The unique challenge posed to SMEs by cyber threats is that while the negative consequences of digital risks are just as damaging for the SMEs as they are for larger industries, the former’s ability to counter these threats is not at par with the latter, owing to the limited nature of resources at their disposal. The rapid development of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence makes it easier for malicious actors to develop bots, deepfakes, or other forms of manipulated content that can steer customers away from small businesses and the consequences can be devastating.
Misinformation is the sharing of inaccurate and misleading information, and the act can be both deliberate and unintentional. Malicious actors can use fake reviews, rumours, or false images to promote negative content or create backlash against a business’ brand and reputation. For a fledgling or growing enterprise, its credibility is a critical asset and any threat to the same is as much a cause for concern as any other operational hindrance.
Relationship Building to Counter Misinformation
We live in a world that is dominated by brands. A brand should ideally inspire trust. It is the single most powerful and unifying characteristic that embodies an organisation's culture and values and once well-established, can create incremental value. Businesses report industry rumours where misinformation resulted in the devaluation of a product, sowing mistrust among customers, and negatively impacting the companies’ revenue. Mitigating strategies to counter these digital downsides can include implementing greater due diligence and basic cyber hygiene practices, like two-factor or multi-factor authentication, as well as open communication of one’s experiences in the larger professional and business networks.
The loss of customer trust can be fatal for a business, and for an SME, the access to the scale of digital and other resources required to restore reputations may simply not be a feasible option. Creating your brand story is not just the selling pitch you give to customers and investors, but is also about larger qualitative factors such as your own motivation for starting the enterprise or the emotional connection your audience base enjoys with your organisation. The brand story is a mosaic of multiple tangible and intangible elements that all come together to determine how the brand is perceived by its various stakeholders. Building a compelling and fortified brand story which resonates deeply with people is an important step in developing a robust reputation. It can help innoculate against several degrees of misinformation and malicious attempts and ensure that customers continue to place their faith in the brand despite attempts to hurt this dynamic.
Engaging with the target audience, ie, the customer base is part of an effective marketing tool and misinformation inoculation strategy. SMEs should also continuously assess their strategies, adapt to market changes, and remain agile in their approach to stay competitive and relevant in today's dynamic business environment. These strategies will lead to greater customer engagement through the means of feedback, reviews and surveys which help in building trust and loyalty. Innovative and dynamic customer service engages the target audience and helps in staying in the competition and being relevant.
Crisis Management and Response
Having a crisis management strategy is an important practice for all SMEs and should be mandated for better policy implementation. Businesses need greater due diligence and basic cyber hygiene practices, like two-factor authentication, essential compliances, strong password protocols, transparent disclosure, etc.
The following steps should form part of a crisis management and response strategy:
- Assessing the damage by identifying the misinformation spread and its impact is the first step.
- Issuing a response in the form of a public statement by engaging the media should precede legal action.
- Two levels of communication need to take place in response to a misinformation attack. The first tier is internal, to the employees and it should clarify the implications of the incident and the organisation’s response plan. The other is aimed at customers via direct outreach to clarify the situation and provide accurate information in regard to the matter. If required the employees can be provided training related to the handling of the customer enquiries regarding the misinformation.
- The digital engagement of the enterprise should be promptly updated and social media platforms and online communications must address the issue and provide clarity and factual information.
- Immediate action must include a plan to rebuild reputations and trust by ensuring customers of the high quality of products and services. The management should seek customer feedback and show commitment to improving processes and transparency. Sharing positive testimonials and stories of satisfied customers can also help at this stage.
- Engaging with the community and collaborating with organisations is also an important part of crisis management.
While these steps are for rebuilding and crisis management, further steps also need to be taken:
- Monitoring customer sentiment and gauging the effectiveness of the efforts taken is also necessary. And if required, strategic adjustments can be made in response to the evolving circumstances.
- Depending on the severity of the impact, management may choose to engage the professional help of PR consultants and crisis management experts to develop comprehensive recovery plans and help navigate the situation.
- A long-term strategy which focuses on building resilience against future attacks is important. Along with this, engaging in transparency and proactive communication with stakeholders is a must.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
SMEs administrators must prioritise ethical market practices and appreciate that SMEs are subject to laws which deal with defamation, intellectual property rights- trademark and copyright infringement in particular, data protection and privacy laws and consumer protection laws. Having the knowledge of these laws and ensuring that there is no infringement upon the rights of other enterprises or their consumers is integral in order to continue engaging in business legally.
Ethical and transparent business conduct includes clear and honest communication and proactive public redressal mechanisms in the event of misinformation or mistakes. These efforts go a long way towards building trust and accountability.
Proactive public engagement is an important step in building relationships. SMEs can engage with the community where they conduct their business through outreach programs and social media engagement. Efforts to counter misinformation through public education campaigns that alert customers and other stakeholders about misinformation serve the dual purpose of countering misinformation and creating deep community ties. SME administrators should monitor content and developments in their markets and sectors to ensure that their marketing practices are ethical and not creating or spreading misinformation, be it in the form of active sensationalising of existing content or passive dissemination of misinformation created by others. Fact-checking tools and expert consultations can help address and prevent a myriad of problems and should be incorporated into everyday operations.
Conclusion
Developing strong cybersecurity protocols, practising basic digital hygiene and ensuring regulatory compliances are crucial to ensure that a business not only survives but also thrives. Therefore, a crisis management plan and trust-building along with ethical business and legal practices go a long way in ensuring the future of SMEs. In today's digital landscape, misinformation is pervasive, and trust has become a cornerstone of successful business operations. It is the bedrock of a resilient and successful SME. By implementing and continuously improving trust-building efforts, businesses can not only navigate the challenges of misinformation but also create lasting value for their customers and stakeholders. Prioritising trust ensures long-term growth and sustainability in an ever-evolving digital landscape.
References
- https://SME.gov.in/sites/default/files/SME-Strategic-Action-Plan.pdf
- https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2024/01/countering-disinformation-effectively-an-evidence-based-policy-guide?lang=en
- https://dcSME.gov.in/Report%20of%20Expert%20Committee%20on%20SMEs%20-%20The%20U%20K%20Sinha%20Committee%20constitutes%20by%20RBI.pdf
Executive Summary:
A viral claim circulating on social media suggests that the Indian government is offering a 50% subsidy on tractor purchases under the so-called "Kisan Tractor Yojana." However, our research reveals that the website promoting this scheme, allegedly under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, is misleading. This report aims to inform readers about the deceptive nature of this claim and emphasize the importance of safeguarding personal information against fraudulent schemes.
Claim:
A website has been circulating misleading information, claiming that the Indian government is offering a 50% subsidy on tractor purchases under the so-called "Kisan Tractor Yojana." Additionally, a YouTube video promoting this scheme suggests that individuals can apply by submitting certain documents and paying a small, supposedly refundable application fee.
Fact Check:
Our research has confirmed that there is no scheme by the Government of India named 'PM Kisan Tractor Yojana.' The circulating announcement is false and appears to be an attempt to defraud farmers through fraudulent means.
While the government does provide various agricultural subsidies under recognized schemes such as the PM Kisan Samman Nidhi and the Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM), no such initiative under the name 'PM Kisan Tractor Yojana' exists. This misleading claim is, therefore, a phishing attempt aimed at deceiving farmers and unlawfully collecting their personal or financial information.
Farmers and stakeholders are advised to rely only on official government sources for scheme-related information and to exercise caution against such deceptive practices.
To assess the authenticity of the “PM Kisan Tractor Yojana” claim, we reviewed the websites farmertractoryojana.in and tractoryojana.in. Our analysis revealed several inconsistencies, indicating that these websites are fraudulent.
As part of our verification process, we evaluated tractoryojana.in using Scam Detector to determine its trustworthiness. The results showed a low trust score, raising concerns about its legitimacy. Similarly, we conducted the same check for farmertractoryojana.in, which also appeared untrustworthy and risky. The detailed results of these assessments are attached below.
Given that these websites falsely present themselves as government-backed initiatives, our findings strongly suggest that they are part of a fraudulent scheme designed to mislead and exploit individuals seeking genuine agricultural subsidies.
During our research, we examined the "How it Works" section of the website, which outlines the application process for the alleged “PM Kisan Tractor Yojana.” Notably, applicants are required to pay a refundable application fee to proceed with their registration. It is important to emphasize that no legitimate government subsidy program requires applicants to pay a refundable application fee.
Our research found that the address listed on the website, “69A, Hanuman Road, Vile Parle East, Mumbai 400057,” is not associated with any government office or agricultural subsidy program. This further confirms the website’s fraudulent nature. Farmers should verify subsidy programs through official government sources to avoid scams.
A key inconsistency is the absence of a verified social media presence. Most legitimate government programs maintain official social media accounts for updates and communication. However, these websites fail to provide any such official handles, further casting doubt on their authenticity.
Upon attempting to log in, both websites redirect to the same page, suggesting they may be operated by the same entity or individual. This further raises concerns about their legitimacy and reinforces the likelihood of fraudulent activity.
Conclusion:
Our research confirms that the "PM Kisan Tractor Yojana" claim is fraudulent. No such government scheme exists, and the websites promoting it exhibit multiple red flags, including low trust scores, a misleading application process requiring a refundable fee, a false address, and the absence of an official social media presence. Additionally, both websites redirect to the same page, suggesting they are operated by the same entity. Farmers are advised to rely on official government sources to avoid falling victim to such scams.
- Claim: PM-Kisan Tractor Yojana Government Offering Subsidy on tractors.
- Claimed On: Social Media
- Fact Check: False and Misleading
Executive Summary
A video is being widely shared on social media with the claim that it shows the recent Assam floods, where nurses are rescuing newborn babies after water entered a hospital. The caption accompanying the viral video claims that the babies are not drowning; instead, healthcare workers and rescue teams are carrying them to safety amid floodwaters inside a hospital. It further states that the video shows humanity and courage during a time of crisis. CyberPeace Research Wing’s research found the claim to be false. The research revealed that the viral video showing healthcare workers rescuing newborn babies is not real but was created using Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Claim:
An Instagram user named kamlakritika shared the video and claimed that it showed the Assam floods. The post stated that the babies were not drowning but were being rescued by healthcare workers and rescue teams from a flooded hospital. In the viral video, several nurses can be seen running through waterlogged areas while trying to protect incubators — containers used to keep newborn babies — from being submerged or swept away. According to the caption, a devastating flood had turned the entire area into a disaster zone. It claimed that incubators containing premature newborn babies were floating in floodwaters, while nurses were running behind them amid strong water currents to save the infants. The caption further claimed that several incubators were overturning and sinking with babies inside, putting hundreds of fragile lives at risk.
https://www.instagram.com/reel/DbXvJwgz72X/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==
Factcheck
To verify the claim, CyberPeace Research Wing conducted a Google search using relevant keywords. During the search, the video was found shared by several other Instagram accounts. During the research, we found a report published by News18 on August 1, 2026. Although the report was related to the Assam floods, it mentioned a different incident. According to the report, a viral video showed floodwaters surrounding houses, with water spread across the area. In the video, a rescue team member can be seen carefully carrying a newborn baby in his arms through the flooded area and handing the child over to another rescue worker near a boat so that the baby could be taken to safety.
However, during our research, we could not find any information from credible news organisations or official sources confirming the viral video showing newborn babies being rescued in incubators. As part of further research, we closely examined the viral video and noticed several indications suggesting that it could be AI-generated. The video was then analysed using the AI detection tool FauxLens, which indicated that the video was approximately 75% AI-generated.
To further verify the authenticity of the video, we also analysed it using another AI detection tool, Human Meter. The tool showed an 85% probability of the video being generated with the help of AI.
Conclusion:
CyberPeace Research Wing’s research found that the viral video claiming to show nurses rescuing newborn babies during Assam floods is false. The video is not an actual incident but an AI-generated creation.
